Lei Fengnet (search "Lei Feng Net" public concern) by: Wei Wuhui, the author of this article, was coached at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Media and Design, Tianqi Amiba Investment Partners. The article first appeared in the public number: ItTalks.
When criticizing the draft of the online car rental management measures in several places, many commentators believed that to protect the sharing economy, this draft of the draft plan contradicts the development and sharing of the economy proposed by the prime minister.
Such as the view: the car service as a taxi, the use of tube taxi method to manage the car, which is a retrogression.
FT Chinese Network published an article in the previous issue of "Sharing the aura of sharing economy, unicorns are exhausted," and Didi also listed as a company sharing economic model.
But in fact, this kind of view is not very valid. Because of the present, the relationship with the sharing economy is not much. In fact, it is indeed a "taxi company."
Dripping trips are mainly these businesses:
Distilling and renting , today, it is mainly the cooperation with local taxi companies. The supplier is a professional taxi driver. This is not a sharing economy.
Dirt car / express train , the higher the price of the car, fast car is cheaper, the difference between the two mainly in the car. This piece started from the so-called "sharing economy" but today it has become more and more professional. The reason will be described later.
Drop by drop , this is the standard sharing economy. However, there is no evidence that drip is an important business segment for travel. The share of this piece should not exceed one-third.
Of course, there are still some exploratory services on the dribble, such as a drop bus. This is a branch, not the core business of Didi.
twoMaybe my vision is not enough. I didn't see how many drivers on the Didi's limousine/express platform belonged to extra money (that is, having their own jobs and occasionally pulling some guests) and how many drivers were full-time.
According to personal experience, full-time drivers are not rare.
After the discussion draft came out, DDT claimed that there were 400,000 registered drivers in Shanghai alone, and only 10,000 had Shanghai residence. Didi means that, in the future, those who can meet the conditions to provide special car/express service in Shanghai will lose some or even all of their income sources under 10,000 and 390,000.
This ratio gave me an inspiration, that is, on the platform, professional drivers may have a large proportion.
In any case, the non-household population and household registration population in Shanghai will not be as high as 39:1. There are only two explanations for this situation. The first explanation is that in Shanghai, non-residents particularly like to “share†their cars. This explanation looks ridiculous. The second explanation is that many non-domestic households did indeed treat this as a special employee.
It is inferred that the Drip Trips platform is a platform provided by a high percentage of full-time drivers to provide driving services. This company is a taxi company, but its business model is very different from that of a traditional taxi company.
threeAssuming that Didi is not under any government control, what will it do?
It can be imagined that the team of cooperative drivers will be expanded on a larger scale and more quickly. Compared with traditional taxi companies, one of its advantages is that it is “light assets†: in the process of cooperation with drivers, it does not bear the heavy burden of asset depreciation. Therefore, its development speed will be much faster.
As the cost of the car is borne by the driver himself, the income of the driver will not be great. After the oligopolistic status of the market has been achieved, it will not adopt long-term subsidies. For the driver, the income may be slightly higher than that of the taxi driver, but it will not be the master of the monthly tens of thousands.
In addition to this kind of taxi company, except that it requires a staff team to complete some of the back-office operational goals, most of its labor force (ie, drivers) relationship is in a “consortium†nature rather than an “employment†nature. .
Therefore, it is a new type of taxi car company. Its production relationship is completely different from that of a traditional taxi company. My personal opinion is that it is much advanced.
In fact, there is not a good precedent for companies composed of large-scale non-employee laborers (platform companies, such as Ali's Taobao Tmall, are similar to this one, but they are still very different.
The consumer bought a product from a Taobao store, and it is clear that he did not buy it from Taobao, but the traveler calls the car on the drop, and ta will determine that the service is provided by the drop).
There are many things to be explored here - for example, social security issues for workers - not just a single taxi management method that can be used once and for all.
fourBut it is still a taxi company. The government has compared it to taxi management and there is nothing wrong with it.
The main restriction is: the problem of urban road capacity.
There are a lot of tricks in licensing taxis, but you have to admit that this is not a bad governance in itself. If the taxi is not licensed, traffic in the city will deteriorate significantly.
It is a consensus that public transport is given priority in development around the world.
In the United States, Japan and Hong Kong, taxi prices are very expensive. For example, the price of a taxi from Osaka Airport to downtown Osaka may exceed the price of a ticket from Shanghai to Osaka.
If it is not something that is too urgent or too local, most people choose the railway (Shinkansen) from the airport to the city.
It is probably the precondition for urban traffic managers to think about restraint development of taxis.
Since DDT is a taxi company, then it is taken for granted: to curb development.
The various restrictions in this draft of the consultation are based on taxis.
The Taxi Management Measures in Beijing and Shanghai clearly stated that taxi drivers must have a local household registration, and taxis are of course local licenses. Guangzhou does not have a local household registration requirement. As a result, the Beijing-Shanghai taxi driver must be registered locally, while Guangzhou is let go.
FivesBut from the point of view of public opinion, people are obviously favored.
Including Uber, there are many supporters around the world.
One of the important reasons is that the fact of demand exists. This demand was not met before the emergence of such companies as uber and Didi. This demand is: a GAP (crack) in taxis and private cars .
In China, this GAP is particularly evident.
China's public transportation, whether it is a bus or a subway, is very far away from the word "comfortable." Taxis should have provided comfort services but they could not actually be achieved. What I have to say is that the price of Chinese taxis is relatively cheap. In particular, this is an international metropolis that is located on the north side of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hangzhou.
So people frantically buy private cars. Comfort is important when physical conditions reach a certain level. But soon, private cars cannot be said to be "comfortable." The deterioration of the traffic in the metropolis makes driving a car not a pleasant one.
What's more, private car investment is quite large after all. Many young people who work for a few years may not be able to afford it. In some big cities, private cars are also limited by the use of a Yaohao or auction license, making it impossible for many people to purchase cars.
The special car provided this empty demand. Not to mention the fact that the early car had a lot of subsidies due to competition from all parties, making the price seem to be even with taxis and even cheap.
The deterioration of urban transport means that for people who ride on the car, there is only one thing to do: go ahead and go ahead. As far as the car is concerned, the identity of the passengers makes him able to do a lot of things, including sleeping, taking a nap, and seeing friends.
Deterioration of traffic is something that everyone needs to bear. This can be regarded as a public issue. But traveling comfortably can be closely related to yourself. The negative feedback from the deterioration of traffic is long-term. It will not be comfortable if I go out tomorrow. This is the feedback of short-term speed up.
sixThe word comfort is not only dependent on the car's own hardware (models), but more importantly the status of the car and the attitude of the driver. Therefore, comfort and service can be closely related.
The evaluation can have an effect. The mechanism is that the drip is not an employment relationship with the driver, that is, the drip between the driver and the passenger is, to a greater extent, a referee's role.
Many drivers have complained about the preference of passengers for drops. Such complaints are reflected in some media articles.
However, I am afraid that this bias is reasonable, because the service industry should naturally be biased towards consumers who receive services.
This is a coalition-style enterprise, and a very big difference from the employment-oriented enterprise.
Dripping is a bit similar to the Taobao shop in the field of travel. Its operators are, in a sense, shop two on Taobao. Its fundamental position is service demanders, not service providers.
An appraisal system with a certain effect is the reason that the Dropper will feel more comfortable because the driver will have a better service attitude and the car will be better.
The whole package of services, from the start of the car to the destination, including the route of the car, is digital. This means that the service can be traced back. Complaints about the driver's detour, there is strong evidence for inspection, and Dip also gave you a reference price in advance.
As far as security is concerned, although there are sporadic insecurity incidents, overall it is not necessarily more secure than local taxis. It should be said that it is safer.
SevenAccording to different local conditions, the discussion drafts for this time are slightly different. But in general, they regard it as a "high-end taxi company."
This is bad for drops, which will affect its "exponential growth" goal. Because once high-end, the market is bound to be small.
The travel market is ranked by the price from low to high, which is as follows:
Public transportation (bus/subway), taxi, private/express car, car rental (without driver) and private car.
It is impossible for the government to abandon the strategy of giving priority to public transport, and it is also inconsistent with the urban optimal planning.
But the Didi mode is indeed better and more effective than the traditional taxi model. The economies of scale will reduce costs if you are to purchase your own vehicle.
Therefore, my personal conclusion is very clear:
According to taxi management, there is nothing wrong with it. However, in terms of specific policies, taxis should be more inclined to taxi/express services than taxis .
Therefore, taking into consideration that some major cities themselves have a number of restrictions on foreign lands, the requirements for local license plates in large cities are feasible, but household registration should be relaxed, and models should be lowered. The relationship between comfortable service and specific models is not great. A 1.6-liter a-class car may not provide comfortable service.
EightIn general, DDT is indeed a taxi company, but its production relationship is more advanced than traditional taxi companies. Coalition-style company organizations are more easily scalable and the service system is also more optimized.
The car rental service provided by Didi is closer to the comfort of a private car. As a passenger, it can save time and effort. Traceability of the service can also be traced back to provide relatively reliable security. In the long run, there is a possibility that private cars may be inhibited. Purchase (mainly a family second car) to slow traffic congestion.
The government sees it as a kind of taxi company to manage it is not much wrong with it, but to limit it to "high-end taxi companies" may be wrong.
The current taxi service is too low, depending on it as the high end to curb the development of Didi, but the demand for comfort still exists, and the public can only be guided to purchase private cars. The traffic situation is long-term. It will only worsen.
—— First FT Chinese website -
Extra words1, Regarding the professionalization of the DDT driver, in fact, there is an article for everyone to look at. The public number “Bo Wang Zhi†published an article on the 9th entitled “I am the driver of the car, this is my storyâ€. From one side, it is reflected that the drip driver is indeed professional, and the income is not very high. At least for the moment, the monthly income of tens of thousands has already gone away from them.
2, professionalism and platform cooperation is not a sharing economy, there is no "idle things, time, energy" to share with others.
In other words, Amway, a direct sales company, may have many direct sellers doing the same. Although the goods sold are Amway's, the concurrent salesman apparently uses the "idle time and energy." Can Amway share the economic company?
I used to do securities brokerage for a few years. In fact, many securities brokers are not employed by securities companies. Some customers also know this. They are simply holding the securities company's brand, using the trading channels of securities companies, and securities companies giving you access to you. Which household is essentially not a securities company employee? Is this a sharing economy?
3. The public number “Political View CNPolitics†issued an article the day before, entitled “Why the government does not use taxi ideas to manage the network about the car.†Speaking of commodity issues, open market issues, and weak market issues, the independence issue did not address the issue of urban roads.
If we look at the problem of urban roads, the service of automobile operations is not a completely open market.
4. The U.S. Federal Court of Appeal judged recently that Uber and taxis are different types of services, so they can adopt different methods of supervision. There is an analogy in the judgment: Most towns require dog owners to apply for dog certificates, but cats do not have to apply for cat certificates. There are differences between the two animals. In general, pet dogs are larger, stronger, and more aggressive than cats, and therefore cause many people to fear.
In addition, dogs may bite and mad at the outdoors, making noise. Wildcats are generally harmless, and many pet cats are only indoors. Many dog ​​owners, in addition to those who are also cat owners, want to raise their cats. However, they cannot say that the government did not require “competitive†pets to be certified, which deprives dog owners of constitutionally protected property rights or causes them to be unconstitutionally discriminatory.
I don't think this analogy is valid. Dogs and cats are indeed different and dogs are aggressive. But there are actually some dogs, and there is no attack. You have to do the same. This is true: Dogs go out, but most cats stay indoors.
So the question came, the net about the car to stay in the city? On the issue of occupying roads, the Internet is about the same for cars, taxis, private cars, and cars.
If a place is blocked, it will have a regulatory nature for private cars. If the Chinese engage in shake cards, foreigners may use such discriminatory measures: On some roads, only one driver on the bus cannot drive.
This category is not worthy of good cheer.
Another problem is that, with the degree of U.S. car development, I do believe that the possibility of "sharing" on uber is relatively high.
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