On March 9, the Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology had stated that China has already begun to study 6G (6th generation mobile communication) technology.
Seriously guess what 6G technologies are there?
Visual MIMO
Massive MIMO can significantly increase the capacity and coverage of wireless networks. It is one of the key technologies of 5G. However, the company has been developing a new type of MIMO technology called Visual MIMO.
Visual MIMO, that is, visual MIMO, can be regarded as a fusion technology of MIMO technology and machine vision (MV).
Today we live in a world surrounded by networks and smart devices. Array display devices and optical imaging devices have become everyday items in our lives, such as mobile phones, automobiles, laptops, and surveillance systems. The camera-enabled light emitting device creates new opportunities for visible light communication systems. This visible light communication system is based on Visual MIMO technology.
The Visual MIMO system uses multiple light emitting elements on the array display device as light emitters, and multiple sensor pixels on the imaging plane of the optical imaging system serve as optical receivers to generate multiple parallel channels to realize a visible light multiple input multiple output communication link. .
In the 5G era, millimeter-wave +Massive MIMO is the best partner in the 5G era, but the biggest problem with millimeter-wave is that the signal is greatly attenuated and easily blocked, and fog, rain, and any obstacles can affect the transmission of millimeter-wave signals. In planning a millimeter-wave network, we have to pay attention to the impact of the environment on the propagation of wireless signals and make a full-fledged signal-link budget.
Visual MIMO can make full use of the camera to find the obstacles of signal propagation, identify moving vehicles, rainfall, even flying birds and running kittens, and select communication by calculating the reflection and refraction of signal propagation. The best path for the link.
Imagine 6G era, you wore a helmet equipped with a 360-degree camera, the helmet uses Visual MIMO technology to identify the surrounding objects, and constantly calculate the best signal propagation path to achieve communication with any lighting equipment around, this picture is not too Cool?
No cellular network
From 1G to 5G, the mobile communication network has always adopted a cellular network architecture. Each hexagonal cell forms a cellular network to achieve frequency reuse and avoid interference.
However, the 6G era may have to say goodbye to this classic network architecture. 6G networks will use artificial intelligence and software-defined radio technologies to redefine wireless spectrum management.
With the development of the 5G IoT era, more and more “things†will be connected to wireless networks in the future. For this reason, how to use the limited spectrum resources efficiently and flexibly becomes a key challenge.
The combination of artificial intelligence and software-defined radio eliminates the need to adopt pre-allocating and monopolizing spectrum resources. Instead, it automatically and flexibly allocates spectrum resources according to different communication requirements. This is one of the research directions of 6G.
In fact, today's 5G era cloud-based RAN (clouded wireless access network), spectrum cloud technology (such as Huawei CloudAIR), Massive MIMO and beamforming and other technologies have become closer to "no cellular network."
Cloudized RAN, Massive MIMO, and beamforming technologies. By centralizing scheduling and coordinating the work of multiple cells, the "user-centric" network of "multi-cell serviceable single user" and the traditional "cell-centric" network are realized. The boundaries are becoming blurred and the network is getting closer and closer to the "no-honeycomb" architecture.
The spectrum cloudization technology implements spectrum sharing resources such as GSM/LTE/5G NR and other standards. For example, Huawei CloudAIR proposes automatic and flexible dynamic spectrum resource management through software and artificial intelligence. In the 6G era, will the dynamic allocation of all spectrum resources be achieved?
With the continuous development of software-defined radios and software-defined networks, the network can be upgraded to 6G through software in the cloud infrastructure, coupled with the trend of open source and the complete breaking of spectrum allocation rules. Will this disrupt the traditional cellular network ecology?
Underwater network
Today's 5G network covers both land and air, but the only coverage area is underwater.
Therefore, 6G networks are estimated to achieve underwater coverage. This is also absolutely necessary. Cars, machines, pigs, cows, and sheep on land need to be connected. Submarines and endangered whales need to be connected.
Quantum communication
Many people will say that 6G should be quantum communication.
Quantum communication can break through the limits of classical information technology in ensuring information security and increasing information transmission capacity. Quantum communication is not only important for communication security, but it can also use quantum repeaters to connect multiple communication nodes to realize long-distance quantum communication, so that real Internet-level quantum security communication will become a reality.
Countries have increased R&D and investment in the field of quantum communications. In the EU’s “Quantum Declaration†released in 2016, its research and development goals for quantum technology include: 5-10 years of secure communications through distance between distant cities through quantum networks, 10 Years later, it is necessary to build a secure and fast quantum Internet, using quantum repeaters running quantum communication protocols to connect major European cities.
China also independently developed the world's first quantum science experimental satellite, the "Mozi", and it has taken the lead in the international community to achieve quantum communication at a distance of 1,000 kilometers.
It is also cool to think of using quantum entanglement technology to transfer some high-priority data directly, quickly, and safely between a 5G core data center and an edge data center.
Perhaps before the arrival of 6G, quantum communications will have a greater breakthrough.
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