Observing the level signal table passed between devices and checking and adjusting the observed results is more difficult for newcomers in the industry. But once you have mastered a few basic techniques, it will be a useful tool for you.
In general, audio workers encounter three common levels of level representation, which are common to live or recording. The figure below shows a common signal strength chart. Among them, the minimum signal strength is the dynamic microphone. Here, the sE V3 is used in the field. The condenser microphone is much stronger than the dynamic microphone, but it is far from the line level signal. It is a condenser microphone. Here is a dual-tube condenser microphone sE GEMINI II; A lot of strong is the line level signal, the civilian field usually uses the -10 dBv signal level, which is stronger than the original original pickup equipment, but the intensity is much smaller than the +4 dBu signal commonly used in the professional audio field. .
1. The output voltage of the Mic level microphone is small, and the range can vary from 0.001v to 0.1v depending on the type of microphone. Some microphones have very low output voltages (such as moving coils and aluminum strips. See the Practical Recording Microphone Selection Guide (top) and Practical Recording Microphone Selection Guide (below)). We need to give a large gain in the latter stage. 70dB, so if your budget can't support Rupert Neve's signal amplifier, you can only buy Apogee sound card, because its mainstream audio interface can provide up to 75dB of gain, while ensuring the reference level of sound quality, which is the vast majority on the market It is not possible with a sound card. Especially if the singer is a small volume artist, the requirements for the amplifier will be further improved. On the other hand, if we put the microphone in front of the guitar speaker, we need a small amount of amplification. sE V3, V7 is a low-level microphone (dynamic microphone characteristics), but because of the advanced technology, it is better to push than the same type of microphone, although the RNR1 is an aluminum ribbon microphone, but because of the Neve transformer , so the latter level is not difficult to enlarge~
Avantone's CV12, CK6, and CK7 are typical high-level output condenser microphones that provide more output voltage than traditional moving coils and ribbon microphones, so the pressure of the preamplifiers is much reduced. Sometimes we only need the most A gain of 30dB is fine. The reason is that due to the phantom power supply, the condenser microphone can perform preliminary signal amplification inside the microphone. It is worth noting that the CV12 and BLA black lion version, after the upgrade of the hardware, the sound quality is further improved.
The above information tells us that if you want to use low-level microphones, then it is more difficult to pick up a small volume of work, such as playing guitar or mosquito sounds, because most signal amplifiers can only provide 40 to 50dB. The gain is not enough to achieve good radio reception. At this time, it is inevitable to use a good Rupert Neve with a Shelford Channel or an economical Apogee sound card such as Duet and Element 24. In general, this level is relatively low and is not sufficient to meet the line level criteria to be described next. Therefore, the microphone signal must be converted to the line level by the amplifier before it can enter the audio device for processing.
2. Professional line level (+4dBu)
Professional audio equipment generally transmits +4dBu line level signals, which is a standard set in the industry in the early days. It allows us to connect any device of each brand through the same standard. +4dBu is in the meter. The value shown above is 0. It's worth noting that Symphony I/O already supports Soundgrid, so Symphony I/O is now available on Windows.
So when your CV12 BLA uses the +4 standard, it can be connected to the +4 standard RND 5017, and then further connected to the Apogee Duet set to the +4 standard, which sounds through the +4 standard Mix Cube.
3. Consumption line level (-10dBv)
Consumption levels are common with civilian and semi-professional products, using a -10dBv standard. The CDs that were commonly used before, the MOGAMI cables that you see with the lotus plug and the big two-pin plug are mostly this standard.
Then the question comes, what is the difference between -10 and +4? 14dB? Actually not. The difference between +4dBu and -10dBv is 11.78dB, which is caused by different level standards. So if you plug a -10dBv CD player into the +4dBu standard Symphony I/O, the signal will be about 12dB lower. Conversely, if the +4 signal is inserted on the -10 device, the signal will become larger.
Avantone Pro CV-12
If you connect the +4 device output to the -10 input, consider attenuating the pre-stage device. Many devices, such as microphones, have a Pad button. In particular, Avantone's CV95 has a Pad attenuation of just 10 dB, which is ideal for the latter stage. Used if the device does not match.
Of course, the difference in voltage range between the +4 dBu professional signal and the -10 dBv civil signal directly leads to a higher dynamic range of the professional line signal level, which is also an important reason for professional audio processing to use such a high-intensity signal. one.
The relationship between connectors, cables and signals does not matter...
The types of connection terminals such as the cassette, the big three big core, the lotus, and the small three cores do not represent the final transmission signal. The line of the XLR card head can transmit the Mic signal or the line signal. The same 1/4'' plug (sophomore, three-core) will also be used on the guitar's output and the speaker's input, and the signal difference between the two is very large. Lotus plugs are common and transmitted video, and audio is more used for digital signals or vinyl discs. It must be remembered that even if two devices use a plug or a cable, it does not mean that they can be connected to each other. Is it very interesting!
Understanding the individual signal strengths is very helpful for professional audio work. Especially for the current equipment, there are usually different levels of signal level design, we need to pay attention to the equipment description when installing and using!
In general, audio workers encounter three common levels of level representation, which are common to live or recording. The figure below shows a common signal strength chart. Among them, the minimum signal strength is the dynamic microphone. Here, the sE V3 is used in the field. The condenser microphone is much stronger than the dynamic microphone, but it is far from the line level signal. It is a condenser microphone. Here is a dual-tube condenser microphone sE GEMINI II; A lot of strong is the line level signal, the civilian field usually uses the -10 dBv signal level, which is stronger than the original original pickup equipment, but the intensity is much smaller than the +4 dBu signal commonly used in the professional audio field. .
1. The output voltage of the Mic level microphone is small, and the range can vary from 0.001v to 0.1v depending on the type of microphone. Some microphones have very low output voltages (such as moving coils and aluminum strips. See the Practical Recording Microphone Selection Guide (top) and Practical Recording Microphone Selection Guide (below)). We need to give a large gain in the latter stage. 70dB, so if your budget can't support Rupert Neve's signal amplifier, you can only buy Apogee sound card, because its mainstream audio interface can provide up to 75dB of gain, while ensuring the reference level of sound quality, which is the vast majority on the market It is not possible with a sound card. Especially if the singer is a small volume artist, the requirements for the amplifier will be further improved. On the other hand, if we put the microphone in front of the guitar speaker, we need a small amount of amplification. sE V3, V7 is a low-level microphone (dynamic microphone characteristics), but because of the advanced technology, it is better to push than the same type of microphone, although the RNR1 is an aluminum ribbon microphone, but because of the Neve transformer , so the latter level is not difficult to enlarge~
Avantone's CV12, CK6, and CK7 are typical high-level output condenser microphones that provide more output voltage than traditional moving coils and ribbon microphones, so the pressure of the preamplifiers is much reduced. Sometimes we only need the most A gain of 30dB is fine. The reason is that due to the phantom power supply, the condenser microphone can perform preliminary signal amplification inside the microphone. It is worth noting that the CV12 and BLA black lion version, after the upgrade of the hardware, the sound quality is further improved.
The above information tells us that if you want to use low-level microphones, then it is more difficult to pick up a small volume of work, such as playing guitar or mosquito sounds, because most signal amplifiers can only provide 40 to 50dB. The gain is not enough to achieve good radio reception. At this time, it is inevitable to use a good Rupert Neve with a Shelford Channel or an economical Apogee sound card such as Duet and Element 24. In general, this level is relatively low and is not sufficient to meet the line level criteria to be described next. Therefore, the microphone signal must be converted to the line level by the amplifier before it can enter the audio device for processing.
2. Professional line level (+4dBu)
Professional audio equipment generally transmits +4dBu line level signals, which is a standard set in the industry in the early days. It allows us to connect any device of each brand through the same standard. +4dBu is in the meter. The value shown above is 0. It's worth noting that Symphony I/O already supports Soundgrid, so Symphony I/O is now available on Windows.
So when your CV12 BLA uses the +4 standard, it can be connected to the +4 standard RND 5017, and then further connected to the Apogee Duet set to the +4 standard, which sounds through the +4 standard Mix Cube.
3. Consumption line level (-10dBv)
Consumption levels are common with civilian and semi-professional products, using a -10dBv standard. The CDs that were commonly used before, the MOGAMI cables that you see with the lotus plug and the big two-pin plug are mostly this standard.
Then the question comes, what is the difference between -10 and +4? 14dB? Actually not. The difference between +4dBu and -10dBv is 11.78dB, which is caused by different level standards. So if you plug a -10dBv CD player into the +4dBu standard Symphony I/O, the signal will be about 12dB lower. Conversely, if the +4 signal is inserted on the -10 device, the signal will become larger.
Avantone Pro CV-12
If you connect the +4 device output to the -10 input, consider attenuating the pre-stage device. Many devices, such as microphones, have a Pad button. In particular, Avantone's CV95 has a Pad attenuation of just 10 dB, which is ideal for the latter stage. Used if the device does not match.
Of course, the difference in voltage range between the +4 dBu professional signal and the -10 dBv civil signal directly leads to a higher dynamic range of the professional line signal level, which is also an important reason for professional audio processing to use such a high-intensity signal. one.
The relationship between connectors, cables and signals does not matter...
The types of connection terminals such as the cassette, the big three big core, the lotus, and the small three cores do not represent the final transmission signal. The line of the XLR card head can transmit the Mic signal or the line signal. The same 1/4'' plug (sophomore, three-core) will also be used on the guitar's output and the speaker's input, and the signal difference between the two is very large. Lotus plugs are common and transmitted video, and audio is more used for digital signals or vinyl discs. It must be remembered that even if two devices use a plug or a cable, it does not mean that they can be connected to each other. Is it very interesting!
Understanding the individual signal strengths is very helpful for professional audio work. Especially for the current equipment, there are usually different levels of signal level design, we need to pay attention to the equipment description when installing and using!
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