The rotary engine is also known as the Miller cycle engine, and some are called the Wankel rotary engine. It uses triangular rotor rotary motion to control compression and emissions, which is quite different from the linear motion of a conventional piston reciprocating engine. This kind of engine was invented by the German Fergas Wankel. On the basis of summarizing the research results of the predecessors, it solved some key technical problems and successfully developed the first rotor engine.
Like many of the world's inventions, formulas, and laws are named after the creator's name, the rotor engine is also known as the Wankel engine under the name of its founder. The German engineer Felix Wankel, born in 1902, has a strong interest in machinery since childhood and has a wealth of imagination and creativity. It is talent and diligence that has enabled him to create a new type of internal combustion engine that is unique in the world.
In the early 1950s, Wankel joined the German NSU depot (NSU later formed the Audi with the Auto Union) and began to fully develop the rotary engine. In 1960, Wankel announced to the world that this new type of internal combustion engine is subversive. For the savvy merchants, the new technology often means huge business opportunities, so it has attracted many manufacturers including GM, Mercedes-Benz and Toyota. look.
But unfortunately, this "newborn" has many congenital defects. It is almost impossible to mass-produce and equip it in the vehicle immediately, and the difficulty of transforming it is much higher than expected, even then. There are still many manufacturers and NSU signed a research and development license for the rotor engine.
At that time, Mercedes-Benz also licensed the NSU car manufacturer and developed a direct-injection three-rotor engine based on its own technological advantages. It was mounted on the C111 concept car in 1969 with a maximum power of 280 hp and a top speed. At 260km/h, in 1970, Mercedes-Benz produced a four-rotor engine with a maximum power of 350 hp and a top speed of 290km/h. However, Mercedes-Benz has never solved the congenital high fuel consumption and high emissions of the rotor engine.
In addition to better publicizing the company with new technology, we can't rule out that some companies really want to carry forward the rotor technology, but in the face of the sudden first oil crisis of the 1970s, the fuel consumption is huge and lacking. Durable rotor engines have also been ruthlessly abandoned by many manufacturers.
Modern rotary engines consist of a dome-shaped housing in which a triangular rotor is placed. The internal space of the cylinder is always divided into three working chambers, and the rotor is also moving. The four processes of intake, compression, work (combustion) and exhaust are completed in different positions in the cycloidal cylinder.
How is the life of the rotor engine?The rotor life is short. 10w km overhaul From the day the rotor was born, this engine is for high output and high speed and does not hesitate to consume fuel. These are not considered to be power (except rx8.) rx7 from 1978-2002 for a total of 24 years. No matter which generation of rx7 he is, even if fd is produced for 10 years, you can see if the sales are not good. Not durable, not practical, unpopular, this car has not changed for ten years?
Here is my point of view.
The lack of durability of the rotor engine is a clear advantage.
Excellent: short and lean, high madness potential is infinite (double rotor to three rotors also have 4 rotor mad) light weight output
Lack: wear and quick seal is a problem, burning oil, oil, domestic knowledge is not much (in fact, the rotor overhaul is simple and cheap)
Mazda is the only Asian car manufacturer in history to have won the 24 Hours of Le Mans. And it is the first advantage of the second place to win the second round, and the car used in this game is the 787B car equipped with Mazda R26B2.6 liter 4 rotor engine. However, after the end of the game, the FIA ​​immediately made provisions, in addition to the traditional piston reciprocating engine, the car with other engines is not allowed to participate in the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Despite this, Mazda is still amazed.
Why is such a powerful rotor engine stopped?The simple structure and the fast speed of the rotor give a huge advantage to the rotor engine, but it also has a very serious problem, that is, the burning time is short and the combustion of the mixture is not complete. Then the rotor engine has low combustion efficiency, high fuel consumption, and the problem of serious emissions exceeding the standard is not difficult to understand. In particular, the current international emission regulations are becoming more stringent, and it is a severe test for the rotor engine.
In addition, because the combustion chamber of the rotor engine is constantly rotating, the flame propagation pattern changes rapidly and is not ideal, which also puts higher requirements on its ignition system. Not only does it require higher ignition energy, but also the position of the spark plug, ignition timing, and so on.
Another point is that the tax regulations for engine displacement in the world are multiplied by the actual displacement of the rotor engine as the final displacement, which also brings higher taxes, which also affects to some extent. The popularity of rotor engines.
Moreover, with the development of the conventional internal combustion engine, the advantages of high engine speed and high speed are becoming less and less obvious, and it is not wise to invest a large amount of manpower, material and financial resources to study the rotor engine which is not too bright. In short, for the above reasons, on June 22, 2012, the last rotor engine was rolled off at the Mazda factory, which means that the only alternative and fascinating engine slipped into the sky like a meteor.
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