Recently, the voting situation of Lenovo in the 3GPP organization has received wide attention from the society. It should be said that as a Chinese company, in the voting of the International Organization for Standardization, it is believed that Lenovo will vote according to the interests of the Chinese camp. The Lenovo incident has caused such heated discussions, and it also reflects the concern of the society for the 5G standard.
Communication standards are related to national strategies
Global communication standards are not only a technical standard, but related to industrial development and national strategy. Based on PC and Internet standards, the architecture and core protocols were previously defined by the United States, which led to the United States occupying an absolute dominant position in the entire Internet industry. Intel, IBM, Microsoft, Google and other companies have become the dominant players in the global PC and Internet. At the same time as the development of the world Internet industry, it has also brought enormous economic benefits to the United States.
Therefore, communication standards have become a commanding height for the world. In the 2G era, in order to fully resist the United States, European countries jointly established the GSMA International Organization to jointly develop the GSM standard and promote it in European countries. Together with the CDMA standard introduced by the United States and the PHS standard of Japan, the three major groups competed fiercely in China, the world's largest mobile communications market. After China's large-scale adoption of the GSM standard, it has helped GSM to gain a dominant position in the global market. European companies such as Ericsson, Nokia, Siemens and Alcatel have also developed into a communications giant.
In the 3G era, the United States launched CDMA2000 on the basis of CDMA. Europe launched WCDMA on the basis of GSM, and China's TD-SCDMA also entered the international arena for the first time. In order to fight against Europe, the United States and China promote 3G to retain three major standards. The establishment of Chinese standards not only allows the Chinese communications industry to have more say in the international arena, but also successfully makes Chinese enterprises the dominant force in the Chinese communications equipment market.
In the 4G era, Europe joined forces with China to squeeze the US out of the 4G standard system, and LTE FDD and TD-LTE became the dominant 4G. In this process, the world's communications equipment manufacturing enterprises have gradually become the top four hegemony - Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia, and ZTE have their own advantages.
After the 2G era, nothing happens, the 3G era is on the stage, and the 4G era is basically running. In the 5G era, China’s goal has become a leader, which will greatly promote the development of China’s communications industry and the development of the entire national economy.
China becomes an important force in the development of 5G standards
The 5G standard will be officially adopted at the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) meeting in 2020. Currently, the development of non-independent networking standards has been completed, and the independent networking standard will be officially completed in June 2018. Currently, the standard is being discussed and refined throughout the world.
In the battle for 5G standards, the Chinese camp has become an important force in the 5G standard worldwide. In some areas, China's technological strength is strong, laying the foundation for the 5G standard dispute.
To establish communication standards, we must first look at the strength of the country. This is a contest between political, economic, and technological strengths. Only a strong country has always had a say. Today, China is already the second largest economy in the world, and its development speed is ahead of the world's major countries. It has more and more voices in many fields. This is the most solid foundation for China's 5G standards to go global.
Moreover, the strength of Chinese telecom operators is not comparable to that of ordinary countries. China Mobile is the world's largest number of telecom operators. China Telecom and China Unicom are also among the world's telecom operators, and have a huge influence in the world telecom industry. China's 4G base stations account for 60% of the world's 4G base stations, and it has the best quality 4G network in the world's largest countries. In the 5G standardization organization, Chinese telecom operators have also played an important role, and many standards have been led by Chinese telecom operators.
At the same time, China's communications equipment manufacturing has also reached the world's leading level. Huawei is the world's largest manufacturer of communications equipment. ZTE is the world's fourth-largest manufacturer of communications equipment. These two companies have been among the world's foremost patents for many years, building hundreds of telecommunications networks around the world and accumulating a large number of networks. Construction experience. Every year, Huawei and ZTE invest tens of billions of dollars in technology research and development, and many of them are world-leading.
In addition, China's mobile phone manufacturing industry has also seen great development in recent years, and most of the world's mobile phones are produced in China. At present, China's top ten mobile phone brands have occupied 7 seats, and domestic mobile phone technology has reached world-class level, providing strong support for China in the formulation of communication standards.
In recent years, China's mobile Internet-based business has developed rapidly, and mobile payment, mobile e-commerce, shared bicycles, shared travel, and O2O business have flourished, and they have begun to play their roles on the world stage.
The leading world level of national strength, telecom operators, communications equipment vendors, mobile phone industry and Internet industry has helped China to have more say in the formulation of 5G standards.
China's first breakthrough in channel coding
The 5G standard consists of many technologies, and coding is a very basic technology. Although in the 3G and 4G eras, China has dominated the TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE standards, there is still no voice in coding. The channel coding of 3G and 4G still uses Turbo codes. In the 5G standard, the world's major camps have launched fierce competition on channel coding standards. The European camp represented by France supports Turbo, and the camp represented by the United States supports LDPC. China also competes with Polar. The final result is that Turbo is completely out of the game, LDPC becomes the data channel coding, and China Huawei-led Polar becomes the control channel coding. This is China's first breakthrough in the field of channel coding, which reflects China's strength and lays the foundation for China to have more voice in the 5G standard.
From this perspective, China can be said to be leading the world to a certain extent. Of course, we must also understand that the so-called leading world is not a permanent transcendence, nor is it that countries will adopt Chinese-led technology. After all, the 5G standard is an international standard, and all countries in the world have a say.
5G needs a little patience to walk into the homes of ordinary people.
5G's attention today is very high, but there is still a certain amount of time away from the life of ordinary people. After all, the entire 5G standard was fully adopted at the ITU conference, and it will be until 2020.
Looking at the development level of the world's 5G, Northeast Asia should take the lead. China, Japan and Korea have advantages in terms of technical strength and economic capabilities, and they also have great hopes for the development of 5G. However, due to the lack of funds for economic development in Europe, operators are not motivated by the 5G construction. As for the United States, although the value of 5G is very clear, even if the US government wants to build a 5G network and lease it to telecom operators, it is still unclear whether it can be realized or how much telecom operators have invested in construction. The market size of the rest of the world is not large enough, and it is generally difficult to surpass the development level of Northeast Asia.
At present, China Telecom operators have begun the first phase of the field test, and the second phase of the field test will be completed this year. In 2019, Chinese telecom operators will launch trial commercials to prepare for the commercial development of 5G. At the same time, 5G mobile phones will also appear in 2019. In 2020, China will enter the commercial 5G era. Looking at the construction of 4G networks, China's construction speed and quality will lead the world.
The communications industry has always had a saying that 4G changes life and 5G changes society. 5G will not only bring a higher speed network, but also revolutionize all aspects of intelligent transportation, industrial automation, smart home, and social management.
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