Basic methods and steps for reading electrical diagrams]: Although some electrical diagrams are not too complicated, if you do not master the wiring rules from the circuit principle, it is more difficult to diagnose the fault of the line, so to successfully repair the common electrical equipment , you must Read and master electrical diagrams, especially for beginners, and learn to read electrical diagrams. For the reading of various types of electrical diagrams, there are usually... Some electrical diagrams are not too complicated, but if you do not master the wiring rules from the circuit principle, it is more difficult to diagnose the fault of the line, so it is necessary to successfully repair the common electrical equipment. You must understand and master the electrical diagrams, especially beginners, and learn to read electrical diagrams. For the reading of various types of electrical diagrams, there are usually the following basic methods of mapping.
1. The basic method of reading electrical diagrams
1) Combine the basic knowledge of electrician and electronic technology. In all fields of actual production, all circuits (such as power transmission and distribution, electric power drag, lighting, electronic circuits, instrumentation and home appliances) are built in electricians. Based on the theory of electronic technology. Therefore, in order to quickly and accurately understand the electrical diagram, you must have a certain knowledge of electrical and electronic technology. For example, the forward and reverse rotation control of a three-phase cage asynchronous motor utilizes the principle that the rotation direction of the motor is determined by the phase sequence of the three-phase power supply, and is switched by a reverse switch or two contactors to change the input motor. The phase sequence of the power supply changes the direction of rotation of the motor.
2) Combining the structure and working principle of the electrical components, there are various electrical components in the circuit, such as load switches, circuit breakers, fuses, transformers , electric meters, etc. in the power distribution circuit; Kinds of relays , contactors and various control switches; electronic circuits, commonly used in various crystal diodes, transistors, thyristors, capacitors, inductors and various integrated circuits. Therefore, when looking at electrical diagrams, we should first understand the performance, structure, working principle, mutual control relationship and position and role of these electrical components in the whole circuit.
3) Combined with typical circuit diagram typical circuit is a common basic circuit, such as motor start, brake, forward and reverse control, overload protection, time control, sequence control, stroke control circuit; transistor rectification, oscillation and amplification circuit; thyristor Trigger circuit; pulse and digital circuit.
No matter how complicated the circuit is, it is almost composed of several typical circuits. Therefore, familiar with the various typical circuits, quickly distinguish the primary and secondary when viewing the picture, grasp the main contradictions, and thus understand the more complex circuit diagram.
4) Combine the relevant drawings and drawings. The drawings and drawings describe the names and digital codes of all electrical equipment of the electrical diagram. You can get a preliminary understanding of the electrical equipment in the diagram by reading the instructions. Then find the electrical equipment in the circuit diagram through the digital code of the electrical equipment, and further find out the interconnection and control relationship, then you can read the diagram as soon as possible to understand the characteristics and composition of the circuit.
5) Drawing requirements in conjunction with electrical diagrams There are some basic rules and requirements for drawing electrical diagrams. These rules and requirements are intended to enhance the normativeness, versatility and schematicity of the drawings. You can use these cartographic knowledge to accurately view the map. The basic knowledge of cartography includes the following aspects:
a. When drawing a circuit diagram, various electrical components use the text symbols and graphic symbols specified by the state.
b. The main circuit part is drawn with thick lines, and the control circuit part is drawn with thin lines. In general, the main circuit is drawn on the left and the control circuit is drawn on the right.
c. The various parts of the unified appliance are not drawn together. When they are drawn according to their working principle, they are marked with the same text symbol for easy identification.
d. For several electrical components that perform tasks with the same nature, add a number after the text symbol to indicate the difference.
e. All electrical components in the circuit are drawn in the "normal" state.
2. Basic steps for reading electrical diagrams The reading of electrical diagrams usually has the following basic steps.
1) Reading equipment manual [Electrical Encyclopedia: Basic methods and steps for reading electrical diagrams]: Although some electrical diagrams are not too complicated, it is more difficult to diagnose line faults if they do not master the wiring rules from the circuit principle. To successfully repair common electrical equipment, you must understand and master the electrical diagram, especially for beginners, but also learn to read electrical diagrams. For the reading of various electrical diagrams, there are usually...
Read the equipment manual to understand the mechanical structure, electrical drive mode, electrical control requirements of the equipment; the distribution of the motor and electrical components and the operation of the equipment; the role of various buttons, switches, fuses, etc.
2) Reading the drawing description After getting the drawing, first look at the drawing description, find out the design content and construction requirements, you can understand the general situation of the drawing, and grasp the key points of the reading. Drawing instructions usually include catalogues of drawings, technical notes, component lists, and construction instructions.
3) Read the subject line on the basis of carefully reading the drawing description, then read the main title bar to understand the name of the electrical diagram and the relevant content in the title bar. With the basic knowledge of the circuit, a clear understanding of the type, nature, and function of the electrical diagram, as well as a general understanding of the contents of the electrical diagram.
4) Reading system diagram (or block diagram)
After reading the drawing instructions, it is necessary to read the system diagram (or block diagram) to understand the whole system (or subsystem), that is, their basic composition, relationship and their main characteristics, in order to further understand the system (or subsystem) The work laid the foundation.
5) Reading the circuit diagram In order to further understand the working principle of the system (or subsystem), you need to carefully read the circuit diagram. The circuit diagram is the core of the electrical diagram, and it is difficult to see the diagram. For complex circuit diagrams, you should first look at the relevant logic diagrams and function diagrams.
When reading the circuit diagram, first distinguish the main circuit and the control circuit, the AC circuit and the DC circuit, and then look at the picture in order of the main circuit and then the control circuit. When looking at the main circuit, it is usually viewed from the bottom up, that is, from the beginning of the electrical equipment, through the control components, in the direction of the power supply. By reading the main circuit, it is necessary to find out how the electrical equipment is powered from the power source, and which components the power source has reached the load. When looking at the control circuit, you should look at it from top to bottom and from left to right, that is, look at the power supply first, then look at each circuit. By looking at the control circuit, it is necessary to understand its loop structure, the connection between the components (such as sequence, interlock, etc.), the control relationship and under what conditions the loop constitutes a path or an open circuit, and analyzes the working conditions of each loop component and its The control of the main circuit to understand the working principle of the entire system.
6) When drawing the wiring diagram of the wiring diagram, draw it on the basis of the circuit diagram, so look at the wiring diagram against the circuit diagram. When looking at the wiring diagram, you should also look at the main circuit and then the control circuit. Look at the wiring diagram according to the terminal mark, circuit label, check from the power supply side, find out the direction of the line and the connection method of the circuit, that is, how each component forms a closed loop through the connection. When looking at the main circuit, starting from the power input, sequentially passing the control components and lines to the powered device is different from looking at the circuit diagram. When looking at the control circuit, analyze each circuit from the end of the power supply to the other end of the power supply in the order of the components. The wire numbers in the wiring diagram are the markings for the wire connections between the electrical components. The wires with the same wire number can in principle be connected together. Since the wiring diagram is mostly represented by a single line, the direction of the conductor should be discerned, and the connection between the internal and external circuits of the terminal board should be clarified.
1. The basic method of reading electrical diagrams
1) Combine the basic knowledge of electrician and electronic technology. In all fields of actual production, all circuits (such as power transmission and distribution, electric power drag, lighting, electronic circuits, instrumentation and home appliances) are built in electricians. Based on the theory of electronic technology. Therefore, in order to quickly and accurately understand the electrical diagram, you must have a certain knowledge of electrical and electronic technology. For example, the forward and reverse rotation control of a three-phase cage asynchronous motor utilizes the principle that the rotation direction of the motor is determined by the phase sequence of the three-phase power supply, and is switched by a reverse switch or two contactors to change the input motor. The phase sequence of the power supply changes the direction of rotation of the motor.
2) Combining the structure and working principle of the electrical components, there are various electrical components in the circuit, such as load switches, circuit breakers, fuses, transformers , electric meters, etc. in the power distribution circuit; Kinds of relays , contactors and various control switches; electronic circuits, commonly used in various crystal diodes, transistors, thyristors, capacitors, inductors and various integrated circuits. Therefore, when looking at electrical diagrams, we should first understand the performance, structure, working principle, mutual control relationship and position and role of these electrical components in the whole circuit.
3) Combined with typical circuit diagram typical circuit is a common basic circuit, such as motor start, brake, forward and reverse control, overload protection, time control, sequence control, stroke control circuit; transistor rectification, oscillation and amplification circuit; thyristor Trigger circuit; pulse and digital circuit.
No matter how complicated the circuit is, it is almost composed of several typical circuits. Therefore, familiar with the various typical circuits, quickly distinguish the primary and secondary when viewing the picture, grasp the main contradictions, and thus understand the more complex circuit diagram.
4) Combine the relevant drawings and drawings. The drawings and drawings describe the names and digital codes of all electrical equipment of the electrical diagram. You can get a preliminary understanding of the electrical equipment in the diagram by reading the instructions. Then find the electrical equipment in the circuit diagram through the digital code of the electrical equipment, and further find out the interconnection and control relationship, then you can read the diagram as soon as possible to understand the characteristics and composition of the circuit.
5) Drawing requirements in conjunction with electrical diagrams There are some basic rules and requirements for drawing electrical diagrams. These rules and requirements are intended to enhance the normativeness, versatility and schematicity of the drawings. You can use these cartographic knowledge to accurately view the map. The basic knowledge of cartography includes the following aspects:
a. When drawing a circuit diagram, various electrical components use the text symbols and graphic symbols specified by the state.
b. The main circuit part is drawn with thick lines, and the control circuit part is drawn with thin lines. In general, the main circuit is drawn on the left and the control circuit is drawn on the right.
c. The various parts of the unified appliance are not drawn together. When they are drawn according to their working principle, they are marked with the same text symbol for easy identification.
d. For several electrical components that perform tasks with the same nature, add a number after the text symbol to indicate the difference.
e. All electrical components in the circuit are drawn in the "normal" state.
2. Basic steps for reading electrical diagrams The reading of electrical diagrams usually has the following basic steps.
1) Reading equipment manual [Electrical Encyclopedia: Basic methods and steps for reading electrical diagrams]: Although some electrical diagrams are not too complicated, it is more difficult to diagnose line faults if they do not master the wiring rules from the circuit principle. To successfully repair common electrical equipment, you must understand and master the electrical diagram, especially for beginners, but also learn to read electrical diagrams. For the reading of various electrical diagrams, there are usually...
Read the equipment manual to understand the mechanical structure, electrical drive mode, electrical control requirements of the equipment; the distribution of the motor and electrical components and the operation of the equipment; the role of various buttons, switches, fuses, etc.
2) Reading the drawing description After getting the drawing, first look at the drawing description, find out the design content and construction requirements, you can understand the general situation of the drawing, and grasp the key points of the reading. Drawing instructions usually include catalogues of drawings, technical notes, component lists, and construction instructions.
3) Read the subject line on the basis of carefully reading the drawing description, then read the main title bar to understand the name of the electrical diagram and the relevant content in the title bar. With the basic knowledge of the circuit, a clear understanding of the type, nature, and function of the electrical diagram, as well as a general understanding of the contents of the electrical diagram.
4) Reading system diagram (or block diagram)
After reading the drawing instructions, it is necessary to read the system diagram (or block diagram) to understand the whole system (or subsystem), that is, their basic composition, relationship and their main characteristics, in order to further understand the system (or subsystem) The work laid the foundation.
5) Reading the circuit diagram In order to further understand the working principle of the system (or subsystem), you need to carefully read the circuit diagram. The circuit diagram is the core of the electrical diagram, and it is difficult to see the diagram. For complex circuit diagrams, you should first look at the relevant logic diagrams and function diagrams.
When reading the circuit diagram, first distinguish the main circuit and the control circuit, the AC circuit and the DC circuit, and then look at the picture in order of the main circuit and then the control circuit. When looking at the main circuit, it is usually viewed from the bottom up, that is, from the beginning of the electrical equipment, through the control components, in the direction of the power supply. By reading the main circuit, it is necessary to find out how the electrical equipment is powered from the power source, and which components the power source has reached the load. When looking at the control circuit, you should look at it from top to bottom and from left to right, that is, look at the power supply first, then look at each circuit. By looking at the control circuit, it is necessary to understand its loop structure, the connection between the components (such as sequence, interlock, etc.), the control relationship and under what conditions the loop constitutes a path or an open circuit, and analyzes the working conditions of each loop component and its The control of the main circuit to understand the working principle of the entire system.
6) When drawing the wiring diagram of the wiring diagram, draw it on the basis of the circuit diagram, so look at the wiring diagram against the circuit diagram. When looking at the wiring diagram, you should also look at the main circuit and then the control circuit. Look at the wiring diagram according to the terminal mark, circuit label, check from the power supply side, find out the direction of the line and the connection method of the circuit, that is, how each component forms a closed loop through the connection. When looking at the main circuit, starting from the power input, sequentially passing the control components and lines to the powered device is different from looking at the circuit diagram. When looking at the control circuit, analyze each circuit from the end of the power supply to the other end of the power supply in the order of the components. The wire numbers in the wiring diagram are the markings for the wire connections between the electrical components. The wires with the same wire number can in principle be connected together. Since the wiring diagram is mostly represented by a single line, the direction of the conductor should be discerned, and the connection between the internal and external circuits of the terminal board should be clarified.
Insulated Power Cable,Bimetallic Crimp Lugs Cable,Pvc Copper Cable,Cable With Copper Tube Terminal
Taixing Longyi Terminals Co.,Ltd. , https://www.longyicopperterminals.com