At present, due to the high price of pico projectors, it is difficult to use them in various industries. However, as the price drops, consumer applications using pico projectors will appear in large numbers, and it will become a convenient, medium resolution image display. Display technology that is commonly used. FPGA devices are the only devices that can be transformed from cost-oriented applications to cost-sensitive consumer products.
According to recent estimates, the shipment of pico projectors in 2009 was 500,000, and shipments in 2011 will be more than a dozen times in 2009. More than 200 companies are developing higher quality and lower cost pico projector products.
Current pico projector technology
Currently, several techniques used in pico projector systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. The four most commonly used are: digital light source projection (DLP), liquid crystal on silicon (LQoS), laser beam deflection control, and holographic laser projection (HLP).
DLP uses light sources and micro mirrors to reflect light. Each micromirror controls the brightness of the light on each pixel in the target image. The mirror has two states, on and off, and constantly refreshes. Brightness is controlled by adjusting the state of the mirror. If the micromirror is turned off 50% of the time, the display brightness of the pixel is 50%. The color is formed by filtering the light into red/green/blue using the color wheel between the light source and the mirror, each micromirror At the same time, the beams of the three colors are controlled to form their pixels.
LCoS projectors use a DLP-like approach, but it uses liquid crystal silicon instead of mirrors to control the brightness of the light on each pixel. Three different chips are used, one for each color (red/green/blue) to produce a color image. The beam passes directly through the filter or uses a dichroic mirror (a lens that only allows light of a specific wavelength to pass). The light source can be an LED or a scattered laser.
The LBS projector generates one pixel of the image at a time. It uses three different laser beams (red/green/blue), each of which is displayed at the required brightness. The optics uses a mirror to control each beam and combines the three laser beams to produce a color image. By scanning the image at a sufficiently fast speed (typically above 60 Hz), the eye does not notice that each pixel in the image is generated in sequence.
The HLP system irradiates the laser onto the holographic image and forms the original image by laser diffraction. A diffraction image of the desired two-dimensional image is calculated and displayed on an LCoS microdisplay. When illuminated by a coherent laser, the desired two-dimensional image can be projected and held in focus at any distance.
Type of pico projector
There are currently three mainstream pico projectors: stand-alone, media player and embedded.
• Stand-alone projectors: These devices are basically traditional projectors. They receive input data over a cable (A/V, USB, etc.) and cannot display anything unless another device is used to generate the video signal stream.
Media Player Type: These devices are projectors with onboard memory or memory card slots and can play files directly from memory. The projector must support the file type in the memory - photo, video or audio file. Some projectors even support Office documents, PDFs, and other file types.
Embedded projectors: These devices add projectors to existing devices (or as accessories), providing an alternative (or supplemental) to LCD displays. Can be used in applications such as cell phones, cameras, notebooks, digital photo frames and PDAs.
Each of the previously introduced technologies has advantages and disadvantages when implementing one of the three mainstream pico projectors. For example, in terms of media player style, resolution and response time are very important. For embedded projectors, size and low power consumption are very important. The advantages and disadvantages of each projector technology are listed in Table 1.
Table 1: Comparison of micro projector technology.
With the development of device integration, many pico projectors will first be used as accessories for some existing devices. For example, as an accessory for a digital camera, it can be inserted directly into the camera like a converter to display still pictures, slides or videos. A block diagram of the system of this type of example design is shown in Figure 2. The light engine (optics and an interface circuit) section of the system is shown at the top of the figure, and the controller is shown at the bottom of the figure. A standard 7:1 LVDS (camera connection) interface is used to transfer image data from the controller to the light engine (although this is not a standard interface now, but as the price of the light engine drops, interfaces such as camera connections will Become a possible choice, then it can be used in the light engine of our target design).
Figure 2: Example of a pico projector design in a digital camera accessory.
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